[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":280},["ShallowReactive",2],{"species-raie-brunette":3,"species-related-100":104,"species-products-100":278},{"data":4},{"id":5,"commonName":6,"scientificName":7,"slug":8,"description":9,"shortDescription":10,"averageLengthCm":11,"maxLengthCm":12,"averageWeightKg":13,"maxWeightKg":14,"habitats":15,"diet":21,"behavior":27,"spawningMonths":28,"distribution":34,"conservationStatus":35,"isInvasive":36,"isProtected":36,"metaTitle":37,"metaDescription":38,"aliases":39,"externalLinks":43,"createdAt":50,"updatedAt":50,"family":51,"waterType":51,"dietType":51,"activityPattern":51,"lifespanYearsMin":51,"lifespanYearsMax":51,"maturityAgeYearsMin":51,"maturityAgeYearsMax":51,"depthMinM":51,"depthMaxM":51,"optimalDepthMinM":51,"optimalDepthMaxM":51,"idealTemperatureC":51,"temperatureMinC":51,"temperatureMaxC":51,"peakMonths":51,"bestHours":51,"identification":51,"depthBySeason":51,"techniques":51,"recordWeightKg":51,"recordLengthCm":51,"recordLocation":51,"recordYear":51,"linkedTutorialIds":51,"regulations":52,"images":91},100,"Raie brunette","Raja undulata","raie-brunette","\u003Ch2>La Raie brunette : une espèce emblématique des fonds marins français\u003C/h2>\u003Cp>La \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> (\u003Cem>Raja undulata\u003C/em>) est l'une des espèces de raies les plus reconnaissables de nos côtes atlantiques et méditerranéennes. Appartenant à la famille des Rajidae, cette espèce cartilагineuse fascine autant les biologistes marins que les pêcheurs sportifs par ses caractéristiques morphologiques uniques et son comportement benthique particulier.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Morphologie distinctive de la Raie brunette\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>La \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> se distingue par sa forme losangique caractéristique et sa coloration brunâtre marquée d'ondulations sombres qui lui valent son nom scientifique \u003Cem>undulata\u003C/em>. Son disque aplati peut atteindre une largeur remarquable, tandis que sa queue robuste est ornée de rangées d'épines défensives. Les mâles se reconnaissent facilement grâce à leurs ptérygopodes, organes reproducteurs modifiés situés le long des nageoires pelviennes.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Habitat et distribution géographique\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>Cette espèce affectionne particulièrement les fonds sableux et vaseux des plateaux continentaux, évoluant généralement entre 20 et 200 mètres de profondeur. La \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> fréquente aussi bien les côtes atlantiques françaises que méditerranéennes, avec une préférence marquée pour les zones où alternent sable et graviers, lui offrant des opportunités de camouflage optimales.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Régime alimentaire et stratégies de chasse\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>Prédateur benthique opportuniste, la \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> adapte son régime alimentaire selon les ressources disponibles. Ses techniques de chasse, basées sur l'embuscade et le camouflage, en font un redoutable chasseur de crustacés, mollusques et petits poissons démersaux. Sa bouche ventrale et ses dents pavimentaires sont parfaitement adaptées au broyage des carapaces et coquilles.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Cycle reproductif et ponte\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>La reproduction de la \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> suit un cycle saisonnier bien défini. Les femelles pondent leurs œufs caractéristiques, communément appelés \"bourses de sirène\", dans des capsules cornées rectangulaires munies de filaments d'ancrage. Cette stratégie reproductive ovipare assure une protection optimale des embryons durant leur développement de plusieurs mois.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Techniques de pêche spécialisées\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>La pêche de la \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> requiert des techniques adaptées à son mode de vie benthique. Les pêcheurs expérimentés privilégient la pêche au mouillage avec des montages coulissants plombés, utilisant des appâts naturels comme les vers, crustacés ou morceaux de poissons. La pêche depuis les épaves et structures immergées s'avère particulièrement productive.\u003C/p>\u003Ch3>Conservation et enjeux écologiques\u003C/h3>\u003Cp>Bien que la \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> ne soit pas considérée comme menacée à l'échelle globale, ses populations font l'objet d'une surveillance continue. Sa croissance lente et sa maturité sexuelle tardive la rendent vulnérable à la surpêche. Les initiatives de conservation marine et les réglementations de pêche jouent un rôle crucial dans la préservation de cette espèce emblématique de nos écosystèmes marins.\u003C/p>","Raie benthique des côtes françaises, reconnaissable à ses ondulations brunes caractéristiques.",60,120,"2.50","8.00",[16,17,18,19,20],"Fonds sableux","Fonds vaseux","Plateaux continentaux","Zones côtières","Fonds mixtes sable-gravier",[22,23,24,25,26],"Crustacés","Mollusques","Vers marins","Petits poissons démersaux","Échinodermes","\u003Cp>La \u003Cstrong>Raie brunette\u003C/strong> adopte un comportement typiquement benthique, passant la majeure partie de son temps enfouie dans le sable ou la vase. Cette espèce présente une activité principalement \u003Cem>nocturne\u003C/em>, sortant de sa cache au crépuscule pour chasser. Durant la journée, elle reste généralement immobile, parfaitement camouflée sur le fond.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Ses déplacements saisonniers suivent les migrations de ses proies et les cycles reproductifs. En période de reproduction, les individus se regroupent sur des zones de ponte spécifiques, généralement situées dans des secteurs abrités avec un substrat favorable à l'ancrage des capsules ovigères.\u003C/p>",[29,30,31,32,33],"mar","apr","may","jun","jul","Côtes atlantiques françaises de la Manche à l'Aquitaine, Méditerranée occidentale. Présente dans toute l'Europe atlantique du sud de la Norvège au Maroc.","LC (Préoccupation mineure)",0,"Raie brunette - Guide complet | Fishing Grid","Découvrez la Raie brunette : morphologie, habitat, techniques de pêche et réglementation. Guide complet pour les passionnés de pêche en mer.",[40,41,42],"Raie ondulée","Raie à boucles","Undulate ray",[44,47],{"url":45,"label":46},"https://www.fishbase.se/summary/Raja-undulata.html","Fiche FishBase",{"url":48,"label":49},"https://inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/66907","Fiche INPN","2026-02-02T13:23:33.000+00:00",null,[53,63,71,77,84],{"id":54,"region":55,"regionCode":56,"minSizeCm":51,"maxSizeCm":51,"closedSeasonStart":51,"closedSeasonEnd":51,"isCatchAndRelease":36,"dailyQuota":51,"allowedTechniques":57,"prohibitedBaits":51,"nightFishingAllowed":60,"notes":61,"isActive":62},389,"Bouches-du-Rhône","FR-13",[58,59],"Pêche à la ligne","Pêche au posé",1,"\u003Cp>Respecter la réglementation du Parc national des Calanques en zone cœur.\u003C/p>",true,{"id":64,"region":65,"regionCode":66,"minSizeCm":51,"maxSizeCm":51,"closedSeasonStart":51,"closedSeasonEnd":51,"isCatchAndRelease":36,"dailyQuota":51,"allowedTechniques":67,"prohibitedBaits":51,"nightFishingAllowed":60,"notes":70,"isActive":62},388,"Finistère","FR-29",[68,69],"Pêche à la ligne depuis le bord","Pêche embarquée","\u003Cp>Attention aux zones de protection du Parc naturel marin d'Iroise.\u003C/p>",{"id":72,"region":73,"regionCode":74,"minSizeCm":51,"maxSizeCm":51,"closedSeasonStart":51,"closedSeasonEnd":51,"isCatchAndRelease":36,"dailyQuota":51,"allowedTechniques":75,"prohibitedBaits":51,"nightFishingAllowed":60,"notes":51,"isActive":62},386,"Loire-Atlantique","FR-44",[68,76],"Pêche en bateau",{"id":78,"region":79,"regionCode":80,"minSizeCm":51,"maxSizeCm":51,"closedSeasonStart":51,"closedSeasonEnd":51,"isCatchAndRelease":36,"dailyQuota":51,"allowedTechniques":81,"prohibitedBaits":51,"nightFishingAllowed":60,"notes":83,"isActive":62},387,"Morbihan","FR-56",[58,82],"Pêche aux leurres autorisée","\u003Cp>Respecter les zones de protection marine et les cantonnements de pêche.\u003C/p>",{"id":85,"region":86,"regionCode":87,"minSizeCm":51,"maxSizeCm":51,"closedSeasonStart":51,"closedSeasonEnd":51,"isCatchAndRelease":36,"dailyQuota":51,"allowedTechniques":88,"prohibitedBaits":51,"nightFishingAllowed":60,"notes":90,"isActive":62},385,"France (national)","FR-national",[58,89],"Palangre récréative","\u003Cp>Aucune réglementation spécifique nationale. Pêche autorisée toute l'année.\u003C/p>",[92],{"id":93,"cloudId":94,"provider":95,"originalUrl":96,"variants":97,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":5,"createdAt":103,"updatedAt":103},790,"d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200","cloudflare","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200/public",{"large":98,"small":99,"medium":100,"public":96,"xlarge":101},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/d804adcc-dd9e-405f-7d73-55f37ce6d200/xlarge","Species","2026-02-28T23:02:41.000+00:00",{"data":105},[106,128,151,174,195,216,236,256],{"id":107,"commonName":108,"scientificName":109,"slug":110,"shortDescription":111,"maxLengthCm":12,"maxWeightKg":112,"habitats":113,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":117},26,"Aiguillat commun","Squalus acanthias","aiguillat-commun","Petit requin gris-brun avec épines venimeuses, commun dans les eaux françaises, apprécié des pêcheurs sportifs.","7.50",[114,18,16,17,115,116],"Eaux côtières","Zones pélagiques","Eaux tempérées froides",[118],{"id":119,"cloudId":120,"provider":95,"originalUrl":121,"variants":122,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":107,"createdAt":127,"updatedAt":127},356,"abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100/public",{"large":123,"small":124,"medium":125,"public":121,"xlarge":126},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/abdfa82f-0bc4-45ba-93fa-57f2d2284100/xlarge","2026-02-02T17:41:10.000+00:00",{"id":129,"commonName":130,"scientificName":131,"slug":132,"shortDescription":133,"maxLengthCm":134,"maxWeightKg":135,"habitats":136,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":140},36,"Baudroie rousse","Lophius budegassa","baudroie-rousse","Prédateur marin benthique reconnaissable à sa tête massive et son leurre de chasse, apprécié en gastronomie.",105,"22.00",[16,17,137,18,138,139],"Zones rocheuses profondes","Talus continental","Épaves",[141],{"id":142,"cloudId":143,"provider":95,"originalUrl":144,"variants":145,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":129,"createdAt":150,"updatedAt":150},372,"f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600/public",{"large":146,"small":147,"medium":148,"public":144,"xlarge":149},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/f41e82c5-942d-4685-fb17-b2e00c771600/xlarge","2026-02-03T18:48:14.000+00:00",{"id":152,"commonName":153,"scientificName":154,"slug":155,"shortDescription":156,"maxLengthCm":157,"maxWeightKg":158,"habitats":159,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":163},56,"Églefin","Melanogrammus aeglefinus","eglefin","Gadidé des eaux froides de l'Atlantique, reconnaissable à sa tache noire caractéristique au-dessus des nageoires pectorales.",110,"17.00",[16,17,160,18,161,162],"Fonds de graviers","Zones pélagiques profondes","Bordures rocheuses",[164],{"id":165,"cloudId":166,"provider":95,"originalUrl":167,"variants":168,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":152,"createdAt":173,"updatedAt":173},763,"45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100/public",{"large":169,"small":170,"medium":171,"public":167,"xlarge":172},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/45e1fa32-1363-4263-6713-110d8405f100/xlarge","2026-02-28T22:57:23.000+00:00",{"id":175,"commonName":176,"scientificName":177,"slug":178,"shortDescription":179,"maxLengthCm":12,"maxWeightKg":180,"habitats":181,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":184},197,"Raie bouclée","Raja clavata","raie-bouclee","Raie commune des côtes françaises, reconnaissable à ses tubercules osseux dorsaux et appréciée pour sa chair délicate.","8.50",[16,17,182,19,18,183],"Sable coquillier","Estuaires",[185],{"id":186,"cloudId":187,"provider":95,"originalUrl":188,"variants":189,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":175,"createdAt":194,"updatedAt":194},798,"eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700/public",{"large":190,"small":191,"medium":192,"public":188,"xlarge":193},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/eb0b88a6-4af1-44fa-a0fb-49b811257700/xlarge","2026-02-28T23:04:55.000+00:00",{"id":196,"commonName":197,"scientificName":198,"slug":199,"shortDescription":200,"maxLengthCm":201,"maxWeightKg":202,"habitats":203,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":205},198,"Raie douce","Raja montagui","raie-douce","Raie commune des côtes françaises, appréciée pour sa chair délicate et présente sur fonds sableux et vaseux.",85,"4.50",[16,17,160,19,18,204],"Herbiers marins",[206],{"id":207,"cloudId":208,"provider":95,"originalUrl":209,"variants":210,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":196,"createdAt":215,"updatedAt":215},788,"79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300/public",{"large":211,"small":212,"medium":213,"public":209,"xlarge":214},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/79d6f0c1-33b0-46e7-679c-e3f073661300/xlarge","2026-02-28T23:02:24.000+00:00",{"id":217,"commonName":218,"scientificName":219,"slug":220,"shortDescription":221,"maxLengthCm":12,"maxWeightKg":222,"habitats":223,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":225},222,"Turbot","Scophthalmus maximus","turbot","Poisson plat d'exception aux tubercules caractéristiques, le Turbot est un prédateur benthique prisé des pêcheurs sportifs.","35.00",[16,224,160,19,18,183],"Fonds sablo-vaseux",[226],{"id":227,"cloudId":228,"provider":95,"originalUrl":229,"variants":230,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":217,"createdAt":235,"updatedAt":235},846,"67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00/public",{"large":231,"small":232,"medium":233,"public":229,"xlarge":234},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/67396f24-be26-4bb9-c32e-e513e233db00/xlarge","2026-03-01T21:35:39.000+00:00",{"id":237,"commonName":238,"scientificName":239,"slug":240,"shortDescription":241,"maxLengthCm":242,"maxWeightKg":243,"habitats":244,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":245},35,"Baudroie commune","Lophius piscatorius","baudroie-commune","Prédateur benthique des fonds marins, reconnaissable à sa tête massive et son leurre bioluminescent pour attirer ses proies.",180,"100.00",[16,17,18,138,139,137],[246],{"id":247,"cloudId":248,"provider":95,"originalUrl":249,"variants":250,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":237,"createdAt":255,"updatedAt":255},371,"4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00/public",{"large":251,"small":252,"medium":253,"public":249,"xlarge":254},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/4c8f33ac-43ec-454d-041c-3c0908f56e00/xlarge","2026-02-03T18:44:09.000+00:00",{"id":257,"commonName":258,"scientificName":259,"slug":260,"shortDescription":261,"maxLengthCm":237,"maxWeightKg":262,"habitats":263,"isProtected":36,"isInvasive":36,"images":267},167,"Grand lançon","Hyperoplus lanceolatus","grand-lancon","Poisson marin élancé vivant enfoui dans les fonds sableux, maillon essentiel de la chaîne alimentaire marine.","0.15",[16,18,264,265,266],"Zones subtidales","Fonds sabulo-vaseux","Zones à courants modérés",[268],{"id":269,"cloudId":270,"provider":95,"originalUrl":271,"variants":272,"imageableType":102,"imageableId":257,"createdAt":277,"updatedAt":277},708,"cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500/public",{"large":273,"small":274,"medium":275,"public":271,"xlarge":276},"https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500/large","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500/small","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500/medium","https://imagedelivery.net/JwcS14vhks4aPMbMLdtTFA/cc211bda-a6d0-4bf9-3503-b92c877b1500/xlarge","2026-02-28T22:46:34.000+00:00",{"data":279},[],1779300371226]